1. The primary energy system used during explosive, maximal exercise of short duration (e.g., 1
repetition maximum lift) is?
A. ATP-PCr/phosphagen system
B. Anaerobic glycolysis (lactic acid system)
C. Aerobic glycolysis
D. Oxidation of fats and carbohydrates
2. The amount of protein required by strength/power athletes is:
A. <0.8g per kg body weight
B. 0.8-1.0g per kg body weight
C. 1.5-2.0g per kg body weight
D. >2.0g per kg body weight
3. Endurance athletes are at an increased risk for developing iron deficiency anemia because of:
A. Injury to red blood cells caused by repetitive trauma from foot strikes
B. Gastrointestinal bleeding
C. Living or training for extended amounts of time at altitude
D. All of the above
E. A and B only
4. Which of the following statements is false concerning the ATP-PCr energy system?
A. ATP is stored in the muscle at a lesser concentration than PCr
B. The ATP-PCr system represents the most rapidly available source of usable energy for the
muscle
C. The ATP-PCr system does not depend on transporting oxygen to the working muscles to
produce energy
D. The ATP-PCr system requires a long series of chemical reactions in order to provide energy
for muscular contractions
5. The quality of protein in a food is determined by:
A. The number of grams of protein
B. It’s essential amino acid content
C. It’s non-essential amino acid content
D. It’s glycemic index
6. The most common, single nutrient deficiency is of:
A. Calcium
B. Magnesium
C. Iron
D. Zinc
7. Whey protein is considered to be an excellent source of protein because:
A. It’s high bioavailability
B. It’s content of several critical amino acids such as leucine, isoleucine, and valine
C. Absorption is faster with whey protein than with casein
D. All of the above
E. B and C only
8. Creatine supplementation has been reported to increase creatine and PCr content by _____?
A. 5%-10%
B. 10%-40%
C. 30%-60%
D. 50%-80%
9. Athletes at a higher risk for developing hyponatremia during prolonged exercise include:
A. Athletes who have high sweat rates
B. Those athletes with fewer opportunities to drink during exercise
C. Athletes who are “salty sweaters”
D. All of the above
C. A and C only
10. Which of the following are important to consider when considering protein intake?
A. Timing of the intake
B. Quality of the intake
C. Quantity of the intake
D. All of the above
E. Only B and C
11. Which of the following is not considered an antioxidant?
A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin B12
C. Vitamin C
D. Vitamin E
12. Which of the following is not a theoretical benefit of creatine supplementation?
A. Increased single and repetitive sprint performance, muscle mass, and strength during training
B. Possible enhancement of aerobic capacity via greater shuttling of ATP from mitochondria and
buffering of acidity
C. Increased fat oxidation
D. Greater training tolerance
13. Before exercise and at times other than post-exercise, the strength/power athlete should
consume what type of carbohydrate?
A. Simple carbohydrates
B. High glycemic index carbohydrates
C. Limited intake of carbohydrates is optimal
D. Low glycemic index carbohydrates
14. The potential side effects of carbohydrate loading include:
A. Weight gain
B. Lack of appetite
C. Dehydration
D. Hyponatremia
15. Which of the following would be the best dietary source of creatine?
A. Herring
B. Tuna
C. Pork
D. Shrimp
16. Immediately post-exercise, the sources of carbohydrate should consist of:
A. Complex carbohydrates
B. Moderate to high glycemic index carbohydrates
C. Limited intake of carbohydrates is optimal and consume only protein
D. Low glycemic index carbohydrates
17. This vitamin can be obtained from ultraviolet light in the sun:
A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin D
C. Vitamin E
D. Vitamin K
18. In the case of carbohydrate, strength/power athletes should consume approximately:
A. 55%-60%
B. 10%-20%
C. 30%
D. 40%-45%
19. Which of the following sports/activities would likely benefit the least from creatine
supplementation?
A. Football
B. Marathon
C. Weightlifting
D. Basketball
20. Endurance athletes pursuing a vegetarian eating style may need to pay particular attention to
consuming enough:
A. Iron
B. Zinc
C. Total calories
D. All of the above
E. A and C only
21. During resistance exercise which macronutrient is the preferred fuel substrate?
A. Fat
B. Protein
C. Carbohydrate
D. Both A and C equally
22. Which of the following is the most common side effect from creatine supplementation
reported in the scientific literature?
A. Muscle cramping
B. Muscle soreness
C. Weight gain
D. Muscle pulls/tears
23. Which of the following is not a fat-soluble vitamin?
A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin C
C. Vitamin D
D. Vitamin E
E. Vitamin K
24. Which of the following is a true statement? In relation to recovery from resistance training:
A. Carbohydrates are more important than protein
B. Protein is more important than carbohydrates
C. Lipids are more important than both protein and carbohydrates
D. It is important to consume a combination of protein and carbohydrates
25. Which of the following organizations ban the use of creatine among their athletes?
A. Major League Baseball
B. National Football League
C. International Olympic Committee
D. All of the above
E. None of the above
repetition maximum lift) is?
A. ATP-PCr/phosphagen system
B. Anaerobic glycolysis (lactic acid system)
C. Aerobic glycolysis
D. Oxidation of fats and carbohydrates
2. The amount of protein required by strength/power athletes is:
A. <0.8g per kg body weight
B. 0.8-1.0g per kg body weight
C. 1.5-2.0g per kg body weight
D. >2.0g per kg body weight
3. Endurance athletes are at an increased risk for developing iron deficiency anemia because of:
A. Injury to red blood cells caused by repetitive trauma from foot strikes
B. Gastrointestinal bleeding
C. Living or training for extended amounts of time at altitude
D. All of the above
E. A and B only
4. Which of the following statements is false concerning the ATP-PCr energy system?
A. ATP is stored in the muscle at a lesser concentration than PCr
B. The ATP-PCr system represents the most rapidly available source of usable energy for the
muscle
C. The ATP-PCr system does not depend on transporting oxygen to the working muscles to
produce energy
D. The ATP-PCr system requires a long series of chemical reactions in order to provide energy
for muscular contractions
5. The quality of protein in a food is determined by:
A. The number of grams of protein
B. It’s essential amino acid content
C. It’s non-essential amino acid content
D. It’s glycemic index
6. The most common, single nutrient deficiency is of:
A. Calcium
B. Magnesium
C. Iron
D. Zinc
7. Whey protein is considered to be an excellent source of protein because:
A. It’s high bioavailability
B. It’s content of several critical amino acids such as leucine, isoleucine, and valine
C. Absorption is faster with whey protein than with casein
D. All of the above
E. B and C only
8. Creatine supplementation has been reported to increase creatine and PCr content by _____?
A. 5%-10%
B. 10%-40%
C. 30%-60%
D. 50%-80%
9. Athletes at a higher risk for developing hyponatremia during prolonged exercise include:
A. Athletes who have high sweat rates
B. Those athletes with fewer opportunities to drink during exercise
C. Athletes who are “salty sweaters”
D. All of the above
C. A and C only
10. Which of the following are important to consider when considering protein intake?
A. Timing of the intake
B. Quality of the intake
C. Quantity of the intake
D. All of the above
E. Only B and C
11. Which of the following is not considered an antioxidant?
A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin B12
C. Vitamin C
D. Vitamin E
12. Which of the following is not a theoretical benefit of creatine supplementation?
A. Increased single and repetitive sprint performance, muscle mass, and strength during training
B. Possible enhancement of aerobic capacity via greater shuttling of ATP from mitochondria and
buffering of acidity
C. Increased fat oxidation
D. Greater training tolerance
13. Before exercise and at times other than post-exercise, the strength/power athlete should
consume what type of carbohydrate?
A. Simple carbohydrates
B. High glycemic index carbohydrates
C. Limited intake of carbohydrates is optimal
D. Low glycemic index carbohydrates
14. The potential side effects of carbohydrate loading include:
A. Weight gain
B. Lack of appetite
C. Dehydration
D. Hyponatremia
15. Which of the following would be the best dietary source of creatine?
A. Herring
B. Tuna
C. Pork
D. Shrimp
16. Immediately post-exercise, the sources of carbohydrate should consist of:
A. Complex carbohydrates
B. Moderate to high glycemic index carbohydrates
C. Limited intake of carbohydrates is optimal and consume only protein
D. Low glycemic index carbohydrates
17. This vitamin can be obtained from ultraviolet light in the sun:
A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin D
C. Vitamin E
D. Vitamin K
18. In the case of carbohydrate, strength/power athletes should consume approximately:
A. 55%-60%
B. 10%-20%
C. 30%
D. 40%-45%
19. Which of the following sports/activities would likely benefit the least from creatine
supplementation?
A. Football
B. Marathon
C. Weightlifting
D. Basketball
20. Endurance athletes pursuing a vegetarian eating style may need to pay particular attention to
consuming enough:
A. Iron
B. Zinc
C. Total calories
D. All of the above
E. A and C only
21. During resistance exercise which macronutrient is the preferred fuel substrate?
A. Fat
B. Protein
C. Carbohydrate
D. Both A and C equally
22. Which of the following is the most common side effect from creatine supplementation
reported in the scientific literature?
A. Muscle cramping
B. Muscle soreness
C. Weight gain
D. Muscle pulls/tears
23. Which of the following is not a fat-soluble vitamin?
A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin C
C. Vitamin D
D. Vitamin E
E. Vitamin K
24. Which of the following is a true statement? In relation to recovery from resistance training:
A. Carbohydrates are more important than protein
B. Protein is more important than carbohydrates
C. Lipids are more important than both protein and carbohydrates
D. It is important to consume a combination of protein and carbohydrates
25. Which of the following organizations ban the use of creatine among their athletes?
A. Major League Baseball
B. National Football League
C. International Olympic Committee
D. All of the above
E. None of the above